A tarp, short for “tarpaulin” is a sheet of fabric that can be used in a myriad of different situations.

Initially tarpaulin referred to water proof cloth used on board of ships. Either to cover cargo or openings or to make water proof clothing.

Nowadays it’s shortened version “tarp” means any sheet of rugged and usually waterproof fabric that’s used in outdoor activities. The main usage is definitely to set it up like a tent. Since a tarp is only a sheet, you will need to either bring poles or, more common, improvise. You can use a walking stick, a cut to measure tree branch or just mount it on trees.

The reason why you set up a tarp can be manifold. Protection from rain or sun, camouflage or simply to feel protected from the elements.

Of course there are several different ways to set up a tarp. From a simple “A-Frame” or a “Lean-To” to more sophisticated set ups that resemble full blown tents and will even protect from wind.

While mounting tarps above your head might be the most common usage there are many more:

  • Use them as a ground sheet in a tent or another tarp.
  • Wrap yourself in it and be protected from the elements while you have a break
  • Set up a rain collector
  • Wrap it around two poles and improvise a stretcher

There are even more exotic ideas which I didn’t dare to test, yet. Like:

  • Use a tarp as a sail on a raft
  • Wrap light and bulky stuff to build a floatation device

Different types of tarps

The most common type of tarp measures 3 by 3 meters and has grommets or loops around the edges to mount straps.

Some have webbing sewn across the length to make setups stronger. If there is extra webbing it’s usually one strap along the middle. You can use it as a ridge line when building A-frames and similar setups.

Many models also have loops on the top side, not only on the edges. With these you can lift your setup with a string thrown over a tree branch. And you can use them to create angles in your walls for very complex set ups.

Smaller models are often referred to as “recce” or “scout” tarps. Meaning if you have to move lightweight and need to go unseen you only need a small shelter.

Most tactical ponchos follow the “G.I. poncho” cut where you can open the sides, close the face hole in the hood and use them as a small tarp.

There are even tarps which are not made of waterproof fabric. Their main use is to provide camouflage and they often come with uneven edges to reduce hard shadows. And they usually have loops to add more 3d elements like foliage or artificial leafs.

You can see more different types of tarps in the Perunika shop.